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Glossary of Common Chemical Names

Lab Pro’s Glossary of Common Chemical Names is a comprehensive list of the current technical names of the commonly chemicals used in chemistry, research and chemical engineering.

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Common Name Current Technical Name
Acid of sugar Oxalic acid
Ackey Nitric acid
Alum or Alum flower or Alum meal Potassium aluminum sulfate
Antichlor Sodium thiosulfate
Antimony black Antimony trisulfide
Antimony bloom Antimony trioxide
Antimony glance Antimony trisulfide
Aqua fortis Nitric acid
Aromatic spirits of ammonia A 10% solution of ammonia
Arsenic glass Arsenic trioxide
Azurite Mineral form of basic copper carbonate
Baking soda Sodium bicarbonate
Barium white Barium sulfate
Bicarbonate of soda Sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate)
Bichrome Potassium dichromate
Bitter salt Magnesium sulfate
Black ash Crude form of sodium carbonate
Blue lead Lead sulfate
Blue salts Nickel sulfate
Blue stone Copper sulfate (crystals)
Blue vitriol Copper sulfate (crystals)
Bone ash Crude calcium phosphate
Bone black Crude animal charcoal
Boracic acid Boric acid
Borax Sodium tetraborate
Bremen blue Basic copper carbonate
Brimstone Sulfur
Burnt alum Anhydrous potassium aluminum sulfate
Burnt lime Calcium oxide
Burnt ochre or burnt ore Ferric oxide
Calomel Mercurous chloride
Carbolic acid Phenol
Caustic Any strongly alkaline material which has a corrosive or irritating effect on living tissue....Hawley's condensed Chemical Dictionary.
Caustic lime Calcium hydroxide
Caustic potash Potassium hydroxide
Caustic soda Sodium hydroxide
Chalk Calcium carbonate
Chili nitre or chili saltpetre Sodium nitrate
Chinese red Basic lead chromate
Chinese white Zinc oxide
Chloride of lime Calcium hypochlorite
Chloride of soda Sodium hypochlorite
Chlorinated lime Calcium hypochlorite
Chrome alum Potassium chromium sulfate
Chrome green Chromium oxide
Chrome red Basic lead chromate
Chrome yellow Lead chromate
Chromic acid Chromium trioxide
Common salt Sodium chloride
Copperas (blue) Copper sulfate (crystals)
Copperas (green) Ferrous sulfate
Corundum Chiefly aluminum oxide
Cream of tartar Potassium hydrogen tartrate
Crocus Ferric oxide
Crystal carbonate Sodium carbonate
Dechlor Sodium thiosulfate
Epsom salts Magnesium sulfate
Farina Starch
Ferro-prussiate Potassium ferrocyanide
Ferrum Iron
Fixed white Barium sulfate
Flowers of sulfur Sulfur
Flowers of a metal Obsolete term for an oxide of a metal e.g. flowers of zinc is zinc oxide
French verdigris Basic copper acetate
Glauber's salt Sodium sulfate
Green verditer Basic copper carbonate
Green vitriol Ferrous sulfate (crystals)
Gypsum Caleium sulfate
Heavy spar Barium sulfate
Hypo Sodium thiosulfate
Indian red Ferric oxide
Isinglass Agar-agar, gelatine
Common Name Current Technical Name
Jewellers' rouge Ferric oxide
Lampblack Crude form of carbon
Lead peroxide Lead dioxide
Lead protoxide Lead oxide
Lime Calcium oxide
Lime (slaked) Calcium hydroxide
Liquor ammonia Ammonium hydroxide (soln.)
Litharge Lead monoxide
Liver of sulphur Potash sulfurated
Lunar caustic Silver nitrate
Lye (soda lye) Sodium hydroxide
Magnesia Magnesium oxide
Manganese black Manganese dioxide
Marble Calcium carbonate
Milk of lime Calcium hydroxide
Milk of magnesium Magnesium hydroxide
Milk of sulphur Precipitated sulfur
Mohrs salt Ferrous ammonium sulfate
Muriate of a metal The metal chloride
Muriatic acid Hydrochloric acid
Natron Sodium carbonate
Nitre Potassium nitrate
Oil of vitriol Concentrated sulfuric acid
Oleic acid CIS-9-octadecenoic acid
Paris blue Ferric ferrocyanide
Pearl ash Anhydrous potassium carbonate
Permanent white Barium sulfate
Plaster of Paris Calcium sulfate
Permanent white Barium sulfate
Plaster of Paris Calcium sulfate
Plumbago Graphite
Precipitated chalk Calcium carbonate
Prussian blue Ferric ferrocyanide
Quicklime Calcium oxide
Quicksilver Mercury
Red lead Lead tetroxide
Red liquor Aluminum acetate (soln.)
Red prussiate of potash Potassium ferricyanide
Red prussiate of soda Sodium ferricyanide
Rochelle salt Potassium sodium tartrate
Rock salt Sodium chloride
Rouge Ferric oxide
Sal ammoniac Ammonium chloride
Salt Sodium chloride
Salt of tartar or salt of wormwood Potassium carbonate
Saltpetre Potassium nitrate
Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide
Soda ash Anhydrous sodium carbonate
Soda lime Mixture of calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide
Soda monohydrate Sodium carbonate (crystals)
Soda nitre Sodium nitrate
Soda or washing soda (crystals) Sodium carbonate (crystals)
Sour salt Citric acid
Spirit of hartshorn Ammonia solution
Spirit of salt Hydrochloric acid
Spirit of wine Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)
Sugar of lead Lead acetate
Tin crystals Stannous chloride
Trona Sodium carbonate (natural)
Unslaked lime Calcium oxide
Venetian red Ferric oxide
Verdigris Basic copper acetate
Vienna lime Calcium carbonate
Vinegar Crude form of acetic acid
Vitriol Sulfuric acid
Washing soda Sodium carbonate (crystals)
Waterglass Sodium silicate (soln. )
White caustic Sodium hydroxide
White lead Basic lead carbonate
White vitriol Zinc sulfate (crystal)
Whiting Calcium carbonate
Yellow prussiate of potash Potassium ferrocyanide
Yellow prussiate of soda Sodium ferrocyanide
Zinc vitriol Zinc sulfate
Zinc white Zinc oxide


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