Glossary of Common Chemical Names
Lab Pro's Glossary of Common Chemical Names is a comprehensive list of the current technical names of the commonly chemicals used in chemistry, research and chemical engineering.
| Common Name | Current Technical Name |
|---|---|
| Acid of sugar | Oxalic acid |
| Ackey | Nitric acid |
| Alum or Alum flower or Alum meal | Potassium aluminum sulfate |
| Antichlor | Sodium thiosulfate |
| Antimony black | Antimony trisulfide |
| Antimony bloom | Antimony trioxide |
| Antimony glance | Antimony trisulfide |
| Aqua fortis | Nitric acid |
| Aromatic spirits of ammonia | A 10% solution of ammonia |
| Arsenic glass | Arsenic trioxide |
| Azurite | Mineral form of basic copper carbonate |
| Baking soda | Sodium bicarbonate |
| Barium white | Barium sulfate |
| Bicarbonate of soda | Sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) |
| Bichrome | Potassium dichromate |
| Bitter salt | Magnesium sulfate |
| Black ash | Crude form of sodium carbonate |
| Blue lead | Lead sulfate |
| Blue salts | Nickel sulfate |
| Blue stone | Copper sulfate (crystals) |
| Blue vitriol | Copper sulfate (crystals) |
| Bone ash | Crude calcium phosphate |
| Bone black | Crude animal charcoal |
| Boracic acid | Boric acid |
| Borax | Sodium tetraborate |
| Bremen blue | Basic copper carbonate |
| Brimstone | Sulfur |
| Burnt alum | Anhydrous potassium aluminum sulfate |
| Burnt lime | Calcium oxide |
| Burnt ochre or burnt ore | Ferric oxide |
| Calomel | Mercurous chloride |
| Carbolic acid | Phenol |
| Caustic | Any strongly alkaline material which has a corrosive or irritating effect on living tissue....Hawley's condensed Chemical Dictionary. |
| Caustic lime | Calcium hydroxide |
| Caustic potash | Potassium hydroxide |
| Caustic soda | Sodium hydroxide |
| Chalk | Calcium carbonate |
| Chili nitre or chili saltpetre | Sodium nitrate |
| Chinese red | Basic lead chromate |
| Chinese white | Zinc oxide |
| Chloride of lime | Calcium hypochlorite |
| Chloride of soda | Sodium hypochlorite |
| Chlorinated lime | Calcium hypochlorite |
| Chrome alum | Potassium chromium sulfate |
| Chrome green | Chromium oxide |
| Chrome red | Basic lead chromate |
| Chrome yellow | Lead chromate |
| Chromic acid | Chromium trioxide |
| Common salt | Sodium chloride |
| Copperas (blue) | Copper sulfate (crystals) |
| Copperas (green) | Ferrous sulfate |
| Corundum | Chiefly aluminum oxide |
| Cream of tartar | Potassium hydrogen tartrate |
| Crocus | Ferric oxide |
| Crystal carbonate | Sodium carbonate |
| Dechlor | Sodium thiosulfate |
| Epsom salts | Magnesium sulfate |
| Farina | Starch |
| Ferro-prussiate | Potassium ferrocyanide |
| Ferrum | Iron |
| Fixed white | Barium sulfate |
| Flowers of sulfur | Sulfur |
| Flowers of a metal | Obsolete term for an oxide of a metal e.g. flowers of zinc is zinc oxide |
| French verdigris | Basic copper acetate |
| Glauber's salt | Sodium sulfate |
| Green verditer | Basic copper carbonate |
| Green vitriol | Ferrous sulfate (crystals) |
| Gypsum | Calcium sulfate |
| Heavy spar | Barium sulfate |
| Hypo | Sodium thiosulfate |
| Indian red | Ferric oxide |
| Isinglass | Agar-agar, gelatine |
| Common Name | Current Technical Name |
|---|---|
| Jewellers' rouge | Ferric oxide |
| Lampblack | Crude form of carbon |
| Lead peroxide | Lead dioxide |
| Lead protoxide | Lead oxide |
| Lime | Calcium oxide |
| Lime (slaked) | Calcium hydroxide |
| Liquor ammonia | Ammonium hydroxide (soln.) |
| Litharge | Lead monoxide |
| Liver of sulphur | Potash sulfurated |
| Lunar caustic | Silver nitrate |
| Lye (soda lye) | Sodium hydroxide |
| Magnesia | Magnesium oxide |
| Manganese black | Manganese dioxide |
| Marble | Calcium carbonate |
| Milk of lime | Calcium hydroxide |
| Milk of magnesium | Magnesium hydroxide |
| Milk of sulphur | Precipitated sulfur |
| Mohrs salt | Ferrous ammonium sulfate |
| Muriate of a metal | The metal chloride |
| Muriatic acid | Hydrochloric acid |
| Natron | Sodium carbonate |
| Nitre | Potassium nitrate |
| Oil of vitriol | Concentrated sulfuric acid |
| Oleic acid | CIS-9-octadecenoic acid |
| Paris blue | Ferric ferrocyanide |
| Pearl ash | Anhydrous potassium carbonate |
| Permanent white | Barium sulfate |
| Plaster of Paris | Calcium sulfate |
| Plumbago | Graphite |
| Precipitated chalk | Calcium carbonate |
| Prussian blue | Ferric ferrocyanide |
| Quicklime | Calcium oxide |
| Quicksilver | Mercury |
| Red lead | Lead tetroxide |
| Red liquor | Aluminum acetate (soln.) |
| Red prussiate of potash | Potassium ferricyanide |
| Red prussiate of soda | Sodium ferricyanide |
| Rochelle salt | Potassium sodium tartrate |
| Rock salt | Sodium chloride |
| Rouge | Ferric oxide |
| Sal ammoniac | Ammonium chloride |
| Salt | Sodium chloride |
| Salt of tartar or salt of wormwood | Potassium carbonate |
| Saltpetre | Potassium nitrate |
| Slaked lime | Calcium hydroxide |
| Soda ash | Anhydrous sodium carbonate |
| Soda lime | Mixture of calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide |
| Soda monohydrate | Sodium carbonate (crystals) |
| Soda nitre | Sodium nitrate |
| Soda or washing soda (crystals) | Sodium carbonate (crystals) |
| Sour salt | Citric acid |
| Spirit of hartshorn | Ammonia solution |
| Spirit of salt | Hydrochloric acid |
| Spirit of wine | Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) |
| Sugar of lead | Lead acetate |
| Tin crystals | Stannous chloride |
| Trona | Sodium carbonate (natural) |
| Unslaked lime | Calcium oxide |
| Venetian red | Ferric oxide |
| Verdigris | Basic copper acetate |
| Vienna lime | Calcium carbonate |
| Vinegar | Crude form of acetic acid |
| Vitriol | Sulfuric acid |
| Washing soda | Sodium carbonate (crystals) |
| Waterglass | Sodium silicate (soln. ) |
| White caustic | Sodium hydroxide |
| White lead | Basic lead carbonate |
| White vitriol | Zinc sulfate (crystal) |
| Whiting | Calcium carbonate |
| Yellow prussiate of potash | Potassium ferrocyanide |
| Yellow prussiate of soda | Sodium ferrocyanide |
| Zinc vitriol | Zinc sulfate |
| Zinc white | Zinc oxide |
